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基于物理信息神经网络的水下宽带声源匹配场被动测距

Passive ranging for underwater broadband source using matched field based on physics-informed neural network

  • 摘要: 宽带匹配场通过融合宽带信号多频点信息, 提升了窄带匹配场有限的分辨率, 但其有效性仍受环境失配影响。针对这一问题, 本文提出一种基于物理信息神经网络的水下宽带声源匹配场被动测距方法。该方法将亥姆霍兹方程和压力释放表面边界条件作为物理约束嵌入损失函数构建物理信息神经网络, 并引入归一化修正损失项。通过稀疏空间坐标和频率输入, 结合少量实测数据修正已知点声压幅值并内插未知区域, 生成与测量场幅值差异减小的宽带全场修正拷贝场, 从而缓解环境失配, 提高测距精度。基于SWellEx-96实验数据验证, 在训练样本稀少、未训练环境及阵元数/孔径缩减的场景下, 所提算法优于窄带/宽带匹配场、结合实测数据的卷积神经网络和基于模型的多任务学习测距方法。

     

    Abstract: Broadband matched field processing enhances the limited resolution of narrowband matched field processing by integrating information from multiple frequency of broadband signals, but its effectiveness is still affected by environmental mismatch. To address this issue, this paper proposes an underwater broadband acoustic source matched field passive ranging method based on physics-informed neural network. The method embeds the Helmholtz equation and the pressure-release surface boundary conditions as physical constraints into the loss function to construct a physics-informed neural network, and introduces a normalized correction loss term. By using sparse spatial coordinates and frequency inputs, combined with a small amount of measured data to correct the known point sound pressure amplitude and interpolate the unknown areas, a broadband full-field corrected replica with reduced amplitude difference from the measured field is generated, thereby alleviating environmental mismatch and improving ranging accuracy. The validation using the SWellEx-96 experiment shows that the proposed algorithm outperforms narrowband/broadband matched field processing, convolutional neural networks combined with measured data, and model-based multitask learning ranging methods in scenarios with scarce training samples, untrained environments, and reduced array elements/aperture.

     

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