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中文核心期刊

非水平海底地形下浅海全波导声场波动成分分析

Component analysis of seismic wave field in shallow water with non-horizontal seabed topography

  • 摘要: 为分析浅海非水平海底地形下甚低频声波激发海底地震波场波动成分, 阐明海底地形变化对水中声源所激发海底地震波场的影响规律, 开展了理论建模与数值仿真研究。基于时域有限元法, 在柱坐标系下推导并建立了一种浅海水体/海底全波导下的声场计算模型, 结合仿真算例讨论了上坡海底、下坡海底、海底山三类典型非水平海底地形对海底地震波场成分的影响规律及机理。研究结果表明, 利用时域有限元方法可以准确计算浅海各类非水平海底地形下的地震波场; 水中声源所激发海底地震波场包含水中声波、海底界面波、海底纵波、海底横波4个波系; 与理想水平海底相比, 上坡海底会加速声能量的衰减, 且坡度越大, 声波远距离传播时向海底泄漏的越多, 声能量衰减越大。而下坡海底的波场变化则相反, 海底山的存在使得部分声波发生反射及透射到海底的现象, 声能量衰减程度增加。

     

    Abstract: Theoretical modeling and numerical simulations were carried out to analyze the fluctuation components of the infrasound excitation seismic wave field in non-horizontal seafloor topography and to elucidate the influence law of seafloor topography changes on the seismic wave field excited by underwater acoustic sources. Based on the time-domain finite element method, a waveguide acoustic field calculation model for shallow waters/seafloor is established in the cylindrical coordinate system, and the influence of three types of typical non-horizontal seafloor topography, namely, upslope seafloor, downslope seafloor and seafloor mountain, on the seismic wave field components of the seafloor is discussed with simulation examples. The results of the study show that the seismic wave fields in various types of non-horizontal seafloor topography in shallow seas can be accurately calculated using the time-domain finite element method. The submarine seismic wave field excited by the underwater sound source contains four wave systems: underwater acoustic waves, submarine interface waves, submarine longitudinal waves, and submarine transverse waves. Compared with the ideal horizontal seafloor, the uphill seafloor accelerates the attenuation of acoustic energy, and the greater the slope, the more sound waves leak to the seafloor when propagating over long distances, the greater the attenuation of acoustic energy. In contrast, the wave field changes on the downslope seabed are the opposite. The existence of seabed mountains makes some of the sound waves reflect and transmit to the bottom of the sea, and the degree of sound energy attenuation increases.

     

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