Source depth estimation using frequency domain interference structure in deep ocean bottom bounce area
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摘要:
提出了一种基于深海海底声反射区声场频域干涉结构特征的水下宽带近海面声源深度估计方法。该方法通过建立深海海底声反射区到达声场结构模型, 推导了垂直阵接收信号波束输出幅度谱的近似表达式, 利用幅度谱与声源深度和垂直到达角(俯仰角)之间的周期变化关系, 将接收信号映射到深度−垂直到达角域中, 实现了对宽带声源的深度估计。仿真实验与影响因素分析验证了该原理的正确性, 南海实验结果表明: 利用阵长为64 m的垂直短阵接收标定深度为50 m和100 m的双弹信号, 得到的深度估计结果同实际声源深度吻合较好, 估计误差不超过7%, 验证了该方法的有效性。
Abstract:An underwater broadband near-surface source depth estimation method based on the frequency domain interference structure characteristics of the deep ocean bottom bounce area is proposed. In this method, the approximate expression of the output amplitude spectrum of the vertical array received signal beam is derived by establishing the structure model of the arrival sound field in deep ocean bottom bounce area. By utilizing the periodic oscillation relationship between the amplitude spectrum and the source depth and the vertical angle of arrival, the received signal is mapped to the depth-vertical angle of arrival domain, which can be used to estimate the depth of broadband sources. The validity of the method is verified by simulation and analysis of influencing factors. The results of the South China Sea experiments show that the depth estimation results are in good agreement with the actual source depths by using the vertical short array with 64 m to receive the double explosive bomb signals with calibration depths of 50 m and 100 m respectively, and the estimation error does not exceed 7%, which verifies the effectiveness of the method.
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Key words:
- Bottom bounce area /
- Interference structure /
- Near-surface source /
- Depth estimation /
- Vertical array
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表 1 不同声源的深度估计结果
声源 声源1 声源2 声源3 实际距离 (km) 20 10 15 实际深度 (m) 50 150 250 估计垂直到达角 (°) −23.8, 22.1 −41.7, 39.3 −31.4, 28.1 估计深度 (m) 46.1, 45.2 145.9, 144.3 239.1, 235.3 估计误差大小 7.8%, 9.6% 2.7%, 3.8% 4.4%, 5.9% 
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表 2 某时刻接收阵阵元校准深度
阵元号数 校准深度 (m) 阵元号数 校准深度 (m) 阵元号数 校准深度 (m) 阵元号数 校准深度 (m) 1 0 9 18.3 17 35.8 25 51.6 2 2.9 10 20.2 18 37.7 26 53.4 3 4.8 11 22.6 19 39.6 27 55.2 4 7.2 12 25.0 20 41.7 28 56.9 5 9.6 13 27.4 21 43.7 29 58.7 6 12.0 14 29.6 22 45.8 30 60.9 7 14.4 15 31.7 23 47.7 31 62.3 8 16.3 16 34.0 24 49.7 32 64.1
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表 3 存在不同信号弹时的声源深度估计结果
声源 S50 S100 S50+S100(按能量大小排序) 实际距离 (km) 11.6 21.8 11.6, 21.8 标称深度 (m) 50 100 50, 100 二次脉动估计深度 (m) 49.0 101.9 49.0, 101.9 估计垂直到达角 (°) −32, 31 −17, 17 −4, −32, 30, 17 估计深度 (m) 48.1, 47.6 95.4, 91.3 4.9, 46.8, 47.1, 3.8 估计误差大小 1.8%, 2.9% 6.4%, 10.4% 95.2%, 4.5%, 3.9%, 96.3%
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表 4 存在S50和S100信号弹时的声源深度估计结果
声源 S50+S100 (按能量大小排序) 实际距离 (km) 11.6, 21.8 标称深度 (m) 50, 100 二次脉动估计深度 (m) 49.0, 101.9 估计垂直到达角 (°) −32, 30, −17, 16 估计深度 (m) 46.8, 47.1, 94.7, 94.7 估计误差大小 4.5%, 3.9%, 7.0%, 7.0%
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