Interference characteristics and observability of acoustic field radiated by a high-speed vertical moving source
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摘要:
以高速垂向运动声源宽带连续谱噪声为研究对象, 基于射线理论分析了声场干涉现象的产生机理, 推导了干涉条纹的轨迹方程, 讨论了影响干涉结构特性的因素, 揭示了声场干涉结构的特性和规律。理论和仿真结果表明: 干涉周期与多途信号时延差成反比关系; 减小接收深度或增大接收距离可以提高干涉条纹的可观测性; 较大的海面起伏易使干涉条纹形成断点, 可观测性降低。湖试数据分析结果表明, 干涉条纹主要由直达声−海面反射声干涉条纹构成, 干涉条纹宽度和干涉周期随水平距离的增大而增大。该结果可为高速垂向运动声源运动状态分析、环境参数反演等提供参考。
Abstract:The mechanism of interference structures caused by broadband continuous-spectrum noise radiated by a high-speed vertical moving source is analyzed based on ray theory. The path equations of interference fringes are derived and the factors affecting the interference characteristics are discussed. Finally, the characteristics and laws of interference structures are revealed. Theoretical and simulation results indicate that the interference periods are inversely proportional to the delay differences of multipath signals. The observability of interference fringes can be improved by decreasing the receiving depth or increasing the receiving range. Additionally, randomly undulatory sea surface can cause breakpoints of the interference fringes and reduce the observability. Real data results have confirmed that the interference structures are primarily composed of directed-bottom-reflected wave. Moreover, the interference period increases as the horizontal range increases. The research has potential application prospects for target motion analysis and environment parameter inversion.
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图 2 不同多途信号间的干涉条纹 (a) 接收信号干涉结构; (b) 直达声 − 海面反射声干涉条纹; (c) 直达声 − 海底反射声干涉条纹; (d) 海面反射声 − 海底反射声干涉条纹
图 18 不同有义波高时直达声与海面反射声时延差和对应的接收信号干涉结构 (a) 有义波高为0.2 m时的时延差; (b) 有义波高为0.2 m时的干涉结构; (c) 有义波高为0.5 m时的时延差; (d) 有义波高为0.5 m时的干涉结构; (e) 有义波高为0.8 m时的时延差; (f) 有义波高为0.8 m时的干涉结构
图 19 不同接收距离时直达声与海面反射声时延差和对应的接收信号干涉结构 (a) 水平距离为1300 m时的时延差; (b) 水平距离为1300 m时的干涉结构; (c) 水平距离为900 m时的时延差; (d) 水平距离为900 m时的干涉结构; (e) 水平距离为500 m时的时延差; (f) 水平距离为500 m时的干涉结构
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