Analysis of factors impacting 3D auditory localization accuracy and response time in headphone reproduction
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摘要:
探究了基于头相关传输函数(HRTF)的三维听觉显示中, 重放方式(动态/稳态重放)、HRTF种类(个性化/非个性化HRTF)、被试类型(有/无测听经验)三个因素对三维听觉显示定位精度和反应时间的影响。实验结果表明, 重放方式对听觉定位的影响显著, 动态重放的定位效果明显优于稳态重放, 该结论对于有测听经验以及无测听经验的受试者均成立; HRTF种类对听觉定位也具有较大影响, 个性化HRTF的定位效果优于非个性化HRTF, 具有测听经验的受试者较无测听经验的受试者能更好利用个性化HRTF; 具有测听经验的受试者在各个实验条件下所需的定位反应时间更短。相关结果可为三维听觉显示技术的真正应用提供重要参考。
Abstract:This paper investigates the effects of three factors, i.e. reproduction mode (dynamic/static), head-related transfer function (HRTF) type (individual/non-individual HRTF), and participant type (experienced/inexperienced listeners), on the localization accuracy and response time in three-dimensional auditory display based on the HRTF. Experimental results demonstrate the significant influence of the reproduction mode on auditory localization, with dynamic reproduction outperforming static reproduction. This finding holds true for both experienced and inexperienced participants. Moreover, the HRTF type exhibits a substantial impact on auditory localization, with personalized HRTF yielding superior results compared to non-personalized HRTF. Participants with listening experience perform better when using personalized HRTF compared to those without experience. Additionally, participants with listening experience exhibit shorter response times for localization across all experimental conditions. These findings provide valuable insights for the practical application of three-dimensional auditory displays.
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Key words:
- Binaural rendering /
- Auditory localization /
- Localization accuracy /
- Response time
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表 2 不同实验条件下的平均定位误差 (单位: °)
被试类型 重放方式 HRTF种类 水平角误差
(均值 ± 标准误差)俯仰角误差
(均值 ± 标准误差)有测听经验 动态重放 个性化HRTF 8.0±2.1 12.7±2.0 非个性化HRTF 10.5±1.8 15.5±3.0 稳态重放 个性化HRTF 13.1±3.3 15.8±1.0 非个性化HRTF 15.0±3.6 18.8±2.5 无测听经验 动态重放 个性化HRTF 12.1±3.9 15.6±1.3 非个性化HRTF 13.3±3.1 18.0±0.9 稳态重放 个性化HRTF 15.8±2.1 19.6±2.1 非个性化HRTF 17.3±2.0 20.3±2.9 
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表 3 定位结果的上下混乱率和前后混乱率 (单位: %)
被试类型 重放方式 HRTF种类 上下混乱率
(均值 ± 标准误差)前后混乱率
(均值 ± 标准误差)有测听经验 动态重放 个性化HRTF 6.5 ± 4.8 0.3 ± 0.6 非个性化HRTF 11.1 ± 7.5 1.0 ± 0.6 稳态重放 个性化HRTF 11.6 ± 1.5 24.0 ± 3.7 非个性化HRTF 15.3 ± 5.6 35.1 ± 5.0 无测听经验 动态重放 个性化HRTF 18.5 ± 4.1 6.6 ± 4.8 非个性化HRTF 20.4 ± 4.7 7.3 ± 3.3 稳态重放 个性化HRTF 23.6 ± 10.4 35.8 ± 7.4 非个性化HRTF 23.6 ± 9.1 40.6 ± 6.9
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表 4 定位所需的反应时间(单位: s)
被试类型 重放方式 HRTF种类 反应时间
(均值 ± 标准误差)有测听经验 动态重放 个性化HRTF 11.40 ± 2.51 非个性化HRTF 15.46 ± 3.70 稳态重放 个性化HRTF 10.90 ± 4.40 非个性化HRTF 12.77 ± 5.21 无测听经验 动态重放 个性化HRTF 17.97 ± 5.00 非个性化HRTF 20.61 ± 6.54 稳态重放 个性化HRTF 12.63 ± 3.77 非个性化HRTF 13.28 ± 4.36
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A1 测听实验中受试者情况分布
有测听经验的受试者 无测听经验的受试者 编号 性别 年龄(岁) 已参与测听实验次数 编号 性别 年龄 (岁) 已参与测听实验次数 1 女 27 2 1 女 30 0 2 女 33 1 2 男 25 0 3 男 29 3 3 男 33 0 4 女 30 1 4 男 26 0 5 男 30 1 5 女 29 0 6 男 25 2 6 女 26 0
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